[Cerebral oxygen metabolism and brain electrical activity of healthy full-term neonates in high-altitude areas: a multicenter clinical research protocol]. / é«˜æµ·æ‹”åœ°åŒºå¥åº·è¶³æœˆæ–°ç”Ÿå„¿è„‘æ°§ä»£è°¢åŠè„‘ç”µæ´»åŠ¨å·®å¼‚çš„å¤šä¸­å¿ƒä¸´åºŠç ”ç©¶æ–¹æ¡ˆ.

Further evidence is needed to explore the impact of high-altitude environments on the neurologic function of neonates. Non-invasive techniques such as cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy and amplitude-integrated electroencephalography can provide data on cerebral oxygenation and brain electrical activity. This study will conduct multiple cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy and amplitude-integrated electroencephalography monitoring sessions at various time points within the first 3 days postpartum for healthy full-term neonates at different altitudes. The obtained data on cerebral oxygenation and brain electrical activity will be compared between different altitudes, and corresponding reference ranges will be established. The study involves 6 participating centers in the Chinese High Altitude Neonatal Medicine Alliance, with altitude gradients divided into 4 categories: 800 m, 1 900 m, 2 400 m, and 3 500 m, with an anticipated sample size of 170 neonates per altitude gradient. This multicenter prospective cohort study aims to provide evidence supporting the impact of high-altitude environments on early brain function and metabolism in neonates.

Epidemiologic analysis of antimicrobial resistance in hospital departments in China from 2022 to 2023.

Bacterial drug resistance monitoring in hospitals is a crucial aspect of healthcare management and a growing concern worldwide. In this study, we analysed the bacterial drug resistance surveillance in our hospital from 2022 Q1 to 2023 Q2. The main sampling sources were respiratory, blood, and urine-based, and the main clinical infections were respiratory and genitourinary in nature. Specimens were inoculated and cultured; bacterial strains were isolated using a VITEK® 2 Compact 60-card automatic microorganism identifier (bioMerieux, Paris, France) and their matching identification cards were identified, and manual tests were supplemented for strain identification. The most common Gram-positive bacteria detected were Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (S. haemolyticus). The most common Gram-negative bacteria detected were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The most prevalent multidrug-resistant bacteria were those producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, followed by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, followed by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales. This study suggests that the prevention and control of infections in the respiratory and genitourinary systems should be the focus of anti-infective work and that the use of antimicrobials should be reduced and regulated to prevent the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria.

Benchmark Dose Assessment for Coke Oven Emissions-Induced Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Damage Effects.

Objective: The study aimed to estimate the benchmark dose (BMD) of coke oven emissions (COEs) exposure based on mitochondrial damage with the mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) as a biomarker. Methods: A total of 782 subjects were recruited, including 238 controls and 544 exposed workers. The mtDNAcn of peripheral leukocytes was detected through the real-time fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Three BMD approaches were used to calculate the BMD of COEs exposure based on the mitochondrial damage and its 95% confidence lower limit (BMDL). Results: The mtDNAcn of the exposure group was lower than that of the control group (0.60 ± 0.29 vs. 1.03 ± 0.31; P < 0.001). A dose-response relationship was shown between the mtDNAcn damage and COEs. Using the Benchmark Dose Software, the occupational exposure limits (OELs) for COEs exposure in males was 0.00190 mg/m 3. The OELs for COEs exposure using the BBMD were 0.00170 mg/m 3 for the total population, 0.00158 mg/m 3 for males, and 0.00174 mg/m 3 for females. In possible risk obtained from animal studies (PROAST), the OELs of the total population, males, and females were 0.00184, 0.00178, and 0.00192 mg/m 3, respectively. Conclusion: Based on our conservative estimate, the BMDL of mitochondrial damage caused by COEs is 0.002 mg/m 3. This value will provide a benchmark for determining possible OELs.

Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18 years or older: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 trial.

BACKGROUND: We aimed to assess the safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated vaccine against COVID-19 in Chinese adults aged ≥18 years. METHODS: This is an ongoing randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 clinical trial among healthy adults aged ≥18 years in Henan Province, China. Participants (n = 336 in 18-59 age group and n = 336 in ≥60 age group) were enrolled between April 12 and May 17 2020, and were equally randomized to receive vaccine or placebo (aluminum hydroxide adjuvant) in a three-dose schedule of 2·5, 5, or 10 µg on days 0, 28, and 56. Another 448 adults aged 18-59 years were equally allocated to four groups (a one-dose schedule of 10 µg, and two-dose schedules of 5 µg on days 0 and 14/21/28) and received vaccine or placebo (ratio 3:1 within each group). The primary outcomes were 7-day post-injection adverse reactions and neutralizing antibody titres on days 28 and 90 after the whole-course vaccination. Trial registration: www.chictr.org.cn #ChiCTR2000031809. FINDINGS: The 7-day adverse reactions occurred in 4·8% to 32·1% of the participants in various groups, and most adverse reactions were mild, transient, and self-limiting. Twenty participants reported 68 serious adverse events which were judged to be unrelated to the vaccine. The 90-day post-injection geometric mean titres of neutralizing antibody ranged between 87 (95% CI: 61-125) and 129 (99-169) for three-dose schedule among younger and older adults; 20 (14-27), 53 (38-75), and 44 (32-61) in 5 µg days 0 and 14/21/28 groups, respectively, and 7 (6-9) in one-dose 10 µg group. There were no detectable antibody responses in all placebo groups. INTERPRETATION: The inactivated vaccine against COVID-19 was well tolerated and immunogenic in both younger and older adults. The two-dose schedule of 5 µg on days 0 and 21/28 and three-dose schedules on days 0, 28, and 56 could be further evaluated for long-term safety and efficacy in the phase 3 trials.

Association of changes in waist circumference with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality among the elderly Chinese population: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: To examine the association of baseline waist circumference (WC) and changes in WC with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality among elderly people. METHODS: A total of 30,041 eligible participants were included from a retrospective cohort in China. The same questionnaire, anthropometric and laboratory measurements were performed at baseline (2010) and the first follow-up (2013). The percent change in WC between baseline and the first follow-up was calculated to evaluate three years change of WC. We collected the occurrence of CVD and all-cause death from the first follow-up to December 31, 2018. Restricted cubic splines and Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between baseline WC/ changes in WC and mortality. RESULTS: The dose-response relationships between baseline WC and CVD mortality were U- or J-shaped. In low WC group, compared with stable group, the fully adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for CVD mortality was 1.60 (95% CI: 1.24-2.06) in WC gain group among men. In normal WC group, the CVD mortality risk increased with WC gain (men: aHR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.36-2.56; women: aHR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.29-2.58). In moderate-high WC group, the CVD mortality risk increased with WC gain (men: aHR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.08-2.88; women: aHR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.04-2.05) and risk decreased with WC loss (men: aHR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.30-0.98; women: aHR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.37-0.96). CONCLUSIONS: For the elderly population, WC gain may increase CVD mortality risk regardless of baseline WC, whereas WC reduction could decrease the risk only in the moderate-high WC group.

Structural elucidation of galactomannan from seeds of Crotalaria mucronata Desv. by atomic force microscopy.

A non-ionic water-soluble galactomannan, isolated from the seed endosperm of Crotalaria mucronata Desv., may be an ideal thickener to increase food viscosity. The present study hypothesized that the viscous property of Crotalaria galactomannan may be associated with its spatial structure. Therefore, the structure of Crotalaria galactomannan was elucidated using an atomic force microscope. The results of the present study demonstrated that the polysaccharide consisted of a D­mannose backbone with D­galactose branches, and the D­mannose/D­galactose ratio was 2.375:1. In the three­dimensional structure of Crotalaria galactomannan, the helix was a common secondary structure, containing numerous ring structures of different sizes. In addition, multiple helixes may link together via hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces, forming aggregations with small rings or spiral windings. The results of the present study indicated that the multiple­branching construction of Crotalaria galactomannan may underlie its viscosity­enhancing properties in the water phase.

[Multiple correspondence analysis on multiple metabolic abnormalities and family history in adults].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between phenomenon of aggregation on multiple metabolic abnormalities and their family history. METHODS: A random cluster sampling was carried out to study the phenomenon of multiple metabolic abnormalities among the adult inhabitants in a county of Henan province. Questionnaire, physical examination and biochemical tests were admitted. Multiple correspondence analyses were used to explore the aggregation of multiple metabolic abnormalities among objects including hyperlipidemia, diabetes, coronary heart disease etc. Corresponding relationships between objects and their parents on multiple metabolic abnormalities were also analyzed. RESULTS: In total, 3901 people were investigated including 1428 (36.6%) males and 2473 (63.4%) females. The mean age of them was 32.8±6.3. Data showed that the Cronbach's α were 0.547 and 0.387 while Eigen values were 1.971 and 1.535 in two dimensions, regarding the correspondence analysis on their parents' multiple metabolic abnormalities. Cronbach's α levels were 0.598 and 0.457 together with Eigen values as 2.263 and 1.743 in two dimensions on the correspondence analysis of the objects' and their parents' multiple metabolic abnormalities. Results from Multiple correspondence analysis diagrams showed that there was an aggregation of variety metabolic abnormalities in both objects and their parents but not between objects and their parents or between fathers and mothers, though χ2 test showed a weak correlation between some of the categories. The ranges of contingency coefficients between metabolic abnormalities were 0.04 to 0.11, 0.04 to 0.08 and 0.04 to 0.11 between parents, objects and fathers, objects and mothers, respectively. When compared with simple obesity, the central obesity aggregated appeared more obviously with other metabolic abnormalities. CONCLUSION: Both objects and their parents showed an aggregation of variety metabolic abnormalities. Aggregation of central obesity showed more obvious on other metabolic abnormalities than the simple obesity. Family histories of metabolic abnormalities played a moderate role in the generations suffering from multiple metabolic abnormalities.

Poly[[(µ(2)-di-3-pyridyl-methanone-κN:N')(µ(2)-hexa-fluoro-silicato-κF:F')copper(II)] dihydrate].

In the title complex, {[Cu(SiF(6))(C(11)H(8)N(2)O)(2)]·2H(2)O}(n), the Cu(II) atom adopts an N(4)F(2)-octa-hedral coordination geometry with four pyridine N atoms in the equatorial sites and two F atoms in the axial sites. The di-3-pyridyl-methanone and hexa-fluoro-silicate ligands act as bidentate ligands, linking symmetry-related Cu(II) atoms. Water mol-ecules form O-H⋯O and O-H⋯F hydrogen bonds with the di-3-pyridyl-methanone and hexa-fluoro-silicate ligands. The Cu(2+) and SiF(6) (2-) ions are each located on a twofold axis.

Bis[5-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carbo-nitrile-κN,N]silver(I) perchlorate.

In the mononuclear title complex, [Ag(C(10)H(6)N(4))(2)]ClO(4), the Ag(I) ion is surrounded by two 5-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carbonitrile ligands, forming a considerably distorted square-planar N(4)-coordination geometry, with two short and two long Ag-N distances. Each perchlorate anion links two mononuclear coordination units through C-H⋯O(perchlorate) hydrogen bonding, forming an infinite tape structure along [110]. Inter-molecular π-π stacking inter-actions between adjacent pyridine and pyrazine rings [centroid-centroid distances of 3.777 (3) and 3.879 (2) Å] further assemble the tape motifs into a three-dimensional supra-molecular structure.

(Nitrato-κO)bis-[5-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carbonitrile-κN,N]silver(I).

In the mononuclear title complex, [Ag(NO(3))(C(10)H(6)N(4))(2)], two κ(2)N:N'-chelating 5-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carbonitrile ligands surround the Ag(I) atom, forming an N(4)O square-pyramidal coordination geometry with one nitrate anion bonding at the apical site. The two heterocyclic rings of the 5-(2-pyridin-2--yl)pyrazine-2-carbonitrile ligand are almost coplanar [dihedral angle = 5.63 (8)°], and the two chelating ligands are in an anti relationship. The mononuclear units are inter-connected along [010] through C-H⋯O(nitrate) and C-H⋯N(cyano) inter-actions, forming an infinite chain. The mononuclear units are stacked along the a axis and inter-connected via inter-molecular π-π stacking inter-actions between adjacent pyridine and pyrazine rings [centroid-centroid distances = 3.984 (2) and 3.595 (3) Å], thus forming a three-dimensional supra-molecular structure.

[Spectroscopy and thermostability of series rare-earth complexes with 3-nitrophthalic acid].

A series of rare-earth compound RE2L2 (HL)2 (H2O)6 x 2H2O (RE=La, Nd, Eu, Tb, Er, Y) containing 3-nitrophthalic acid (H2L) ligand were synthesized from ethanol-water solution, and characterized and investigated by the element analysis, infrared and ultraviolet absorption spectra and different thermal-thermogravimetric analysis. The results of the spectroscopic analysis were conformed to the crystal structures determined by X-ray diffraction, showing that the carboxylate (-COO-) and carboxyl (-COOH) groups of the ligand link to the rare-earth ions by bridging and terminal mode respectively. Two rare-earth ions were linked by two di-deprotonated ligand L(2-) in bridging-chelating mode to form a dinuclear structure, and coordinated by the other two mono-deprotonated ligands HL-in terminal chelating mode using their carboxylate (-COO-) and carboxyl (-COOH) group together, respectively. The IR spectra shows the existence of the carboxylate (-COO-) and carboxyl (-COOH) group and the hydrogen bond interactions between the carboxyl (-COOH) group and crystal water. The DTA-TGA data were consistent with the composition of compounds, exhibiting an endothermic peak of the loss of the crystal and coordinated waters at about 150 degrees C and two exothermic peaks of the oxidation and decomposition of ligands in the rang of about 340 to 460 degrees C.

[Multilevel regression analysis on region cluster and risk factors of hypertension in the Chinese adult population].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the region cluster and risk factors of hypertension in the Chinese adult population and to explore the application of multilevel regression model in the risk factors of hypertension. METHODS: Multi-stage random sampling technique was used to choose 15,540 individuals aged 35-74 years from 10 regions in China. Two-level logistic regression models were fitted under MLwiN 2.02 software. RESULTS: The region cluster of hypertension existed and variance portion coefficient was 3.1%. After adjusting for the age and gender, overall obese people (BMI> or =28 kg/m2) were 4.50 (95% CI: 4.00-5.06) times, overweight people (BMI=24-27.9 kg/m2) were 2.26 (95% CI: 2.07-2.46) times more likely to be hypertensive as compared with those of normal BMI (18.5-23.9 kg/m2), and those centrally obesive people (Waist circumference > or =85 cm in male or 80 cm in female) were 2.62 (95% CI: 2.42-2.83) times more likely to be hypertensive as compared with those of normal WC. The age-and gender-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of triglyceride (TG), serum total cholesterol (TC), glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and drinking alcohol were 2.10 (95% CI: 1.89-2.33), 2.08 (95% CI: 1.84-2.35), 1.85 (95% CI: 1.60-2.14), 1.58 (95% CI: 1.38-1.81), 1.49 (95% CI: 1.32-1.69) and 1.15 (95% CI: 1.05-1.27), respectively. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hypertension was not only affected by individual risk factors, such as obesity, drinking alcohol, abnormal glucose and serum lipids profile, but also affected by the geographic environment where people resided in. Population-and risk factors targeted strategies, proved a promising way to reduce individual risk of hypertension in the primary prevention of hypertension.

[Synthesis, characterization and fluorescent property of terbium binary and ternary complexes with p-aminohippuric acid].

A series of binary and ternary rare-earth compounds were synthesized by the reaction of terbium ion with p-aminohippuric (PAH, HL) acid and phenanthroline (phen) or 2,2'-bipyridine(2,2'-bpy) in the ethanol solution. The compositions of the complexes were deduced to be TbL3(1), TbL3.phen.H2O(2) and TbL3.bipy.H2O(3) by elemental analysis, TG-DTA, UV-Vis and IR, and the spectra and fluorescent properties of the complexes 1-3 were discussed. The oxygen atoms of the carboxylate group were coordinated with the rare-earth ion in bridging bidentate mode. The result shows that the higher the extent of the ligand coplanarity and conjugation, the better the fluorescent performance of the compound. The fluorescent intensity of the ternary complexes 2 and 3 are stronger than that of the binary complex 1.

[Synthesis and spectral characterization of rare-earth-3-hydroxyl-2-naphthalinate-phenanthroline compounds].

The solid rare-earth (RE=Tb, Eu, Sm, Nd) compounds with 3-hydroxyl-2-naphthalinic acid (L) and phenanthroline (phen) were synthesized in ethanol solution in the present work. Their compositions were determined to be REL4 x phen2 x Na x H2O by the element analysis, infrared and ultraviolet absorption spectra, and DTA-TGA, respectively. The spectral properties of the compounds were studied tentatively, and the coordination mode of carboxyl group was deduced to be bridged style to chelate the rare-earth and sodium ions to form an infinite chain structural complex. The sodium and rare-earth ions are six-coordinated and eight-coordinated geometry respectively.

[Synthesis and spectral characterization of rare-earth-ortho-amino phenylbenzoate-2,2'-bipyridine complexes].

The solid rare-earth complexes were synthesized using rare-earth ions (RE=Tb, Nd, Sm, La) reacting with ortho-amino phenylbenzoic acid (L) and 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy). Their compositions were confirmed and the spectral properties were characterized by element analysis, infrared and ultraviolet absorption spectra, and DTA-TGA. The fluorescent properties of complexes TbL3 and TbL3 x bipy x 3H2O were also measured and discussed. The result shows that the fluorescence intensity of TbL3 x bipy 3H2O is stronger than that of TbL3.

[Synthesis, characterization and fluorescent property of ternary complexes of rare-earth, cinnamic acid and 2,2'-bipyridine].

The ternary rare-earth complexes were synthesized using cinnamic acid (L), 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy) and rare-earth (RE= Tb, Eu, Gd, Nd) in ethanol solution. Their compositions were confirmed to be REL3 x bipy by the element analysis, infrared and ultraviolet absorption spectra, and DTA-TGA, respectively. The spectral properties of complexes and the fluorescent property of EuL3 x bipy were discussed. The fluorescence intensity of EuL3 is 4.5 times stronger than that of EuL3 x bipy x H2O.

[Studies on the chemical constituents of the essential oil of Artemisia dracunculus].

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the chemical constituents of Artemisia dracunculus. METHOD: The essential oil from A. dracunculus was extracted by steam distillation and the chemical constituents were analysed by capillary GC-MS method. The relative content of each component was calculated by area normalization. RESULT: 36 peaks were separated and all of them were identified. The main chemical components were 3,7-dimethyl-1,3,7-octatriene (38.43%), 1S-alpha-pinene (36.96%), 1-methoxy-4-(2-Propenyl)-benzene (8.57%), limonene (6.33%), 1R-alpha-pinene (3.40%), etc. CONCLUSION: The study provided solid and scientific proof for the further exploitation and utilization of A. dracunculus.

Overexpression of c-fos in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric precancerosis of Mongolian gerbil.

AIM: To explore dysregulation of c-fos in several human malignancies, and to further investigate the role of c-fos in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced gastric precancerosis. METHODS: Four-week-old male Mongolian gerbils were employed in the study. 0.5 mL 1X10(8) cfu/L suspension of H. pylori NCTC 11 637 in Brucella broth were inoculated orally into 20 Mongolian gerbils. Another 20 gerbils were inoculated with Brucella broth as controls. 10 of the infected gerbils and 10 of the non- infected control gerbils were sacrificed at 25 and 45 weeks after infection. The stomach of each gerbil was removed and opened for macroscopic observation. The expression of c-fos was analyzed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical studies in H. pylori-induced gastric precancerosis of Mongolian gerbil. Half of each gastric antrum mucosa was dissected for RNA isolation and RT-PCR. beta-actin was used as the housekeeping gene and amplified with c-fos as contrast. PCR products of c-fos were analyzed by gel image system and the level of c-fos was reflected with the ratio of c-fos/beta-actin. The immunostaining for c-fos was conducted using monoclonal antibody of c-fos and the StreptAvidin-Biotin-enzyme Complex kit. RESULTS: H. pylori was constantly found in all infected animals in this study. After infection of H. pylori for 25 weeks, ulcers were observed in the antral and the body of stomach of 60 % infected animals (6/10). Histological examination showed that all animals developed severe inflammation, especially in the area close to ulcers, and multifocal lymphoid follicles appeared in the lamina propria and submucosa. After infection of H. pylori for 45 weeks, severe atrophic gastritis in all infected animals, intestinal metaplasia in 80 % infected animals (8/10) and dysplasia in 60 % infected animals (6/10) could be observed. C-fos mRNA levels were significantly higher after infection of H. pylori for 25 weeks (1.84+/-0.79), and for 45 weeks (1.59+/-0.37) than those in control-animals (0.74+/-0.22, P<0.01). C-fos mRNA levels were increased 2.5-fold by 25th week (P<0.01) and 2.1-fold by 45th week (P<0.01) in precancerosis induced by H. pylori, when compared with normal gastric epithelium of Mongolian gerbil. Immunohistochemical staining revealed exclusive nuclear staining of c-fos. Furthermore, there was a sequential increase in c-fos positive cells from normal epithelium to precancerosis. CONCLUSION: The study suggested that overexpression of c-fos occurs relatively early in gastric tumorigenesis in this precancerosis model induced by H. pylori.